Na 1998, ọkà mmụta Japan bụ Akiu et al. amịpụtara na arbutin dịpụrụ adịpụ site na akwụkwọ bearberry wee nweta ihe nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ ọcha. Ọ nwere mmetụta ọgwụ dị iche iche dị ka mgbochi mkpali, antibacterial, antitussive, expectorant, na antiasthmatic. , ọ bụkwa ihe na-egbochi tyrosinase na melanocytes mmadụ, ya mere ọ ghọrọ onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ na-acha ọcha ngwa ngwa.
Arbutin, nke a makwaara dị kaarbutin , bụ chemically p-hydroxyphenyl-D-glucopyranoside ma dị n'ụdị kristal na-acha ọcha agịga dị ka kristal ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ. Ngwa ngwa soluble na mmiri ọkụ, methanol, ethanol na aqueous ngwọta nke propylene glycol na glycerol, ma insoluble na ether, chloroform, petroleum ether na ndị ọzọ mgbaze. Usoro molekụla bụ C12H16O7, usoro ya bụ nke a:
Arbutin bụ molekul mejupụtara otu organic nke mejupụtara otu polyvalent hydroxyl. Ngwọta mmiri na-enweghị agba na nke doro anya, ya mere ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta ma nwee ike iji ya mee ihe ngwa ngwa dị ka ihe mgbakwunye na ude. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ nwere ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri dị mma, na-adaba adaba iji mee ihe na etemeete, na-enwe mmetụta dị nro ma dị mma, ma nwee mmetụta dị nro na-acha ọcha ma dị ọcha mgbe ngwa ngwa. A na-ekpebi njirimara ndị a site na nhazi nke polyhydroxyl glycosides.
Na mgbakwunye, arbutin nwere mmetụta mgbochi pụrụ iche na melanin.
Melanin bụ ihe na-agba ọchịchịrị nke nwere ike ime ka agba agba akpụkpọ ahụ. Emebere ya site na oxidation nke tyrosine site na tyrosinase. Anyị nwere ike were tyrosinase dị ka ihe bụ isi na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ enzyme maka mmepụta nke melanin na akpụkpọ ahụ. Ọrụ nke tyrosine na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ nke melanin kpụrụ.
Otu esi egbochi ọrụ catalytic nke tyrosinase bụ otu n'ime ntụzịaka nyocha dị na ụlọ ọrụ ịcha ọcha. Ndị na-acha ọcha ọdịnala dịka hydroquinone (1,4-hydroquinone) nwere ike igbochi ọrụ tyrosinase nke ọma ma nwee mmetụta mwepu na akpụkpọ ahụ. Otú ọ dị, iji mpụga eme ihe nwere ike ịkpata mmeghachi omume na-akpasu iwe ma nwee ike ịkpata itching akpụkpọ ahụ n'ụzọ dị mfe, ntachi, na bee. Mgbaàmà nfụkasị dị ka dandruff na erythema nwere ike ọbụna ịkpata mmebi na-adịgide adịgide, ya mere ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ na-adabere na njedebe ụfọdụ.
Ọdịdị nke arbutin yiri nke hydroquinone. Ọdịdị ya nwere otu molecule glucose karịa hydroquinone, na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike ma na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo mma. Ọ nwekwara ike igbochi ọrụ tyrosinase na mmepụta melanin nke ọma. , mbat naanị nwere ike wepu ntụpọ, ma nwekwara ụfọdụ bactericidal na mgbochi mkpali mmetụta.
Ọ nwere cytotoxicity dị ala ma dịkwa mma na ọ dịghị egbu egbu na akpụkpọ ahụ. Ọ nwere ike igbochi ọrụ tyrosinase nke ọma ma gbochie nguzobe nke melanocytes. Ọ nwekwara ike ijikọta ya na tyrosinase ozugbo iji mee ka mbelata nke melanin dị ngwa ngwa. na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe iji belata ntinye nke melanin na akpụkpọ ahụ, ya mere arbutin bụ ngwakọta dị mma ndị mmadụ na-achọ.
Dị ka usoro dị iche iche si dị, arbutin nwere ike kewaa n'ime α-arbutin, β-arbutin na deoxyarbutin (D-arbutin).
Ebe ọ bụ na α-arbutin na-enwetakarị site na mgbanwe ndu na njikọ enzymatic, na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmepụta dị oke, ọtụtụ n'ime arbutin dị ugbu a n'ahịa bụ β-arbutin, mana mmetụta na-acha ọcha dị mma dị ka α-arbutin. Otu ụzọ na iri na ise.
Nnyocha na-egosi na ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị ịgbakwunye 3% arbutin na ihe ịchọ mma, nke bụ 90% dị irè n'ibelata freckles, nru ububa ntụpọ na melanin nkwụnye ego.
Ma α-arbutin na β-arbutin bụ mmiri soluble, na nhazi nke lecithin nke okpukpu abụọ nke akpụkpọ anụ epidermal nke mmadụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma maka ịmịnye ihe ndị na-edozi abụba, ya mere deoxyarbutin malitere.
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Oge nzipu: Eprel-12-2024
